ASTM D5878-2008 工程技术用岩石质量分级系统的使用标准指南
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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuidesforUsingRock-MassClassificationSystemsforEngineeringPurposes
【原文标准名称】:工程技术用岩石质量分级系统的使用标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD5878-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.12
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:classification;classificationsystem;coalmineroofrating(CMRR);Japaneserockmassclassificationsystems;newAustriantunnelingmethod(NATM);Q-system(NGI);rockmass;rockmassratingsystem(RMR);rockmaterialfieldclassificationsyst
【摘要】:Theclassificationsystemsincludedinthisstandardandtheirrespectiveapplicationsareasfollows:RockMassRatingSystem(RMR)orGeomechanicsClassification8212;Thissystemhasbeenappliedtotunneling,hard-rockmining,coalmining,stabilityofrockslopes,rockfoundations,borability,rippability,dredgability,weatherability,androckbolting.RockStructureRatingSystem(RSR)8212;Thissystemhasbeenusedintunnelsupportandexcavationandinothergroundsupportworkinminingandconstruction.TheQSystemorNorwegianGeotechnicalInstituteSystem(NGI)8212;Thissystemhasbeenappliedtoworkontunnelsandchambers,rippability,excavatability,hydraulicerodibility,andseismicstabilityofroof-rock.TheUnifiedRockClassificationSystem(URCS)8212;Thissystemhasbeenappliedtoworkonfoundations,methodsofexcavation,slopestability,usesofearthmaterials,blastingcharacteristicsofearthmaterials,andtransmissionofgroundwater.TheRockMaterialFieldClassificationSystem(RMFCS)8212;Thissystemhasbeenusedmainlyforapplicationsinvolvingshallowexcavation,particularlywithregardtohydraulicerodibilityinearthspillways,excavatability,constructionqualityofrock,fluidtransmission,androck-massstability(11).TheNewAustrianTunnelingMethod(NATM)8212;Thissystemisusedforbothconventional(cyclical,suchasdrill-and-blast)andcontinuous(tunnel-boringmachineorTBM)tunneling.Thisisatunnelingprocedureinwhichdesignisextendedintotheconstructionphasebycontinuedmonitoringofrockdisplacement.Supportrequirementsarerevisedtoachievestability(6).Note28212;TheAustriancode(7)specifiesmethodsofpaymentbasedoncodingofexcavationvolumeandmeansofsupport.TheCoalMineRoofRating(CMRR)8212;Thissystemappliestobeddedcoal-measurerocks,inparticularwithregardtotheirstructuralcompetenceasinfluencedbydiscontinuitiesintherockmass.ThebasicbuildingblocksofCMRRareunitratings.Theunitsarerockintervalsdefinedbytheirgeotechnicalproperties,andareatleast0.15m(6in.)thick.Theunitratingsarecombinedintoroofratings,usingadditionalgeotechnicalcharacteristics(8).JapaneseRockMassClassificationSystems8212;TheJapaneseSocietyofEngineeringGeologyhasrecognizedsevenmajorclassificationsystemsinuseinJapan(9).Thesearesummarizedin4.1.8.1-4.1.8.7,withoutadditionaldetailsinthisguide.Rock-MassClassificationforRailwayTunnelsbyRailwayTechnicalResearchInstitute8212;Rock-massesareclassifiedbasedonthevaluesofP-wavevelocity,unconfinedcompressivestrengthandunitweight.Supportpatternsfortunnels,suchasshotcretingandrockbolting,isrecommendeddependingupontherock-massclassificationobtained.Rock-MassClassificationforTunnelsandSlopesbyJapanHighwayPublicCorporation8212;Thissystemclassifiestherock-massusingRQD,P-wavevelocity,unconfinedcompressivestrengthandunitweight.Rock-MassClassificationfo......
【英文标准名称】:Acoustics-Measurementofsoundabsorptioninareverberationroom
【原文标准名称】:声学.混响室中声音吸收的测量
【标准号】:ISO354-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2003-05
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC43
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:结果;混响时间;测量频率;声音;吸声系数;声学;声能;测量原理;声源;系数;房屋;混响;声音吸收;吸声;试验;测量电路;建筑声学;表示法;编写;定义;声学测量;结果的表示;混响室;频率范围;声学试验;切断;建筑;测量;验收(鉴定)
【英文主题词】:Acceptance(approval);Acousticabsorption;Acousticmeasurement;Acoustictesting;Acoustics;Buildingacoustics;Coefficients;Construction;Cutoff;Definitions;Expressionofresult;Frequencyranges;Materialstesting;Mathematicalcalculations;Measurement;Measurementcircuits;Measuringfrequencies;Measuringtechniques;Principleofmeasurement;Representations;Results;Reverberation;Reverberationroommethod;Reverberationrooms;Reverberationtime;Rooms;Sound;Soundabsorption;Soundabsorptioncoefficient;Soundenergy;Soundsources;Testing
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardspecifiesamethodofmeasuringthesoundabsorptioncoefficientofacousticalmaterialsusedaswallorceilingtreatments,ortheequivalentsoundabsorptionareaofobjects,suchasfurniture,personsorspaceabsorbers,inareverberationroom.Itisnotintendedtobeusedformeasuringtheabsorptioncharacteristicsofweaklydampedresonators.Theresultsobtainedcanbeusedforcomparisonpurposesandfordesigncalculationwithrespecttoroomacousticsandnoisecontrol.
【中国标准分类号】:Z32
【国际标准分类号】:91_120_20
【页数】:21P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Imagingmaterials-Processedsilver-gelatintypeblack-and-whitefilm-Specificationsforstability
【原文标准名称】:成象材料.处理后的银胶质类黑白底片.稳定性规范
【标准号】:BSISO18901-2002
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2002-04-08
【实施或试行日期】:2002-04-08
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:规范;摄影材料;银盐胶片;档案;耐久性;处理;摄影胶片;测定;储存质量;安全影片;定义;定义;特性;检验;保存;缩微胶卷;摄影技术;稳定性;试验;试验;电影胶片;胶片材料;单色摄影胶片;稳定性试验;放射敏感性;已曝光摄影胶片;单色摄影;储存;摄影;文档;影片
【英文主题词】:Archives;Definitions;Determinations;Durability;Exposedphotographicfilm;Filing;Filmmaterials;Films;Inspection;Microfilm;Monochromephotographicfilm;Monochromephotography;Motion-picturefilm;Phototechnology;Photographicchemicals;Photographicfilm;Photographicmaterials;Photography;Preservation;Processing;Properties;Radiosensitivity;Records;Safetyfilms;Silverfilm;Specifications;Stability;Stabilitytests;Storage;Storagequality;Testing;Tests
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardestablishesthespecificationsforphotographicfilmsintendedforthestorageofrecords.Itisapplicablespecificallytofilmswithabaseofsafetycelluloseesterorpolyesterhavingsilver-gelatinemulsions,processedtoproduceablack-and-whitesilverimagebynegativeorfull-reversalprocessing.Itappliestofilmprocessedbyamonobath,whichincludesthiosulfateasthefixingagent,followedbyaconventionalwash.Italsoisapplicabletosilverfilmsgivenastabilizingtreatmentbypartialorfullconversiontosilversulfide,silverselenideorgold.ThisInternationalStandardisapplicabletofilmshavingultrasonicordielectric(inductionheated)splices.Itdoesnotcoverfilmswithsplicesmadebymeansofadhesivetapeorsolvent-typesplices.NOTESolvent-typesplicesaresuspectsincetheymayretaintracesofresidualsolventscontainingperoxidewhichcanposesomeriskofoxidativeattackonthesilverimage.ThisInternationalStandardisnotapplicabletofilmswithchromogenicblack-and-whiteimages,colourimagesofanytype,nortofilmswithamagneticrecordingtrack.Itdoesnotapplytofilmswithsilverimagesproducedbydryorthermalprocessingorbydiffusion-reversalprocessing,nortofilmsthathavebeenprocessedbyamonobathusingameansotherthanathiosulfate-typefixingsolution.Itisnotapplicabletofilmswherethesilversaltsareremovedbymeansotherthanthiosulfatesolutions(see[10]inthebibliography).ThisInternationalStandardisnotapplicabletofilmstowhichlacquershavebeenapplied.
【中国标准分类号】:G81
【国际标准分类号】:37_040_20
【页数】:32P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语